Hexane bromide
Hexane Bromide: Technical Specifications and Applications
Hexane bromide is an important chemical compound widely used in organic synthesis and industrial applications. Below are its key technical parameters:
Physical Properties
- Chemical Formula: C6H13Br
- Molecular Weight: 165.07 g/mol
- Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid
- Odor: Characteristic brominated hydrocarbon odor
- Boiling Point: 154-156°C
- Melting Point: -85°C
- Density: 1.26 g/mL at 25°C
- Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents
Chemical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Flash Point | 57°C (135°F) |
| Vapor Pressure | 4.5 mmHg at 25°C |
| Refractive Index | 1.448 at 20°C |
| Viscosity | 0.6 cP at 25°C |
| Autoignition Temperature | 245°C |
Hexane Bromide FAQ
Q: What are the primary industrial uses of Hexane bromide?
A: Hexane bromide serves as an important intermediate in organic synthesis, particularly in pharmaceuticals and agrochemical production. It's used as an alkylating agent, in Grignard reactions, and as a precursor for various brominated compounds. The chemical industry also utilizes it in polymer modification and as a solvent in specialized applications.
Q: How should Hexane bromide be stored for optimal safety?
A: Hexane bromide should be stored in tightly sealed containers made of glass or specialized plastics, away from light and heat sources. Maintain storage temperature below 30°C in a well-ventilated area, separate from oxidizing agents and strong bases. Secondary containment is recommended to prevent accidental releases. Always follow local regulations for brominated hydrocarbon storage.
Q: What safety precautions are necessary when handling Hexane bromide?
A: Always use appropriate personal protective equipment including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and fume hood ventilation. Hexane bromide can cause skin irritation and respiratory tract irritation. Avoid inhalation of vapors and prevent contact with skin or eyes. In case of large spills, evacuate the area and contact emergency services as it may form toxic gases when heated or burned.
Purity Grade Specifications
| Grade | Purity | Moisture Content | Typical Impurities |
|---|---|---|---|
| Industrial Grade | ≥95% | ≤0.5% | Hexane, Other bromoalkanes |
| Reagent Grade | ≥98% | ≤0.2% | Trace metals <100ppm |
| Pharmaceutical Grade | ≥99.5% | ≤0.1% | Heavy metals <10ppm |
Transportation Information
- UN Number: UN1993
- Proper Shipping Name: Flammable liquid, n.o.s. (Hexane bromide)
- Hazard Class: 3
- Packing Group: III
- Flash Point: 57°C (135°F)
Additional Technical Data
Hexane bromide demonstrates excellent stability under normal storage conditions. It reacts with strong bases, oxidizers and reducing agents. The compound has a shelf life of 24 months when properly stored. For specialized applications requiring ultra-high purity Hexane bromide, additional purification processes including distillation over molecular sieves may be employed.
Hexane Bromide FAQ
Q: What analytical methods are used to test Hexane bromide purity?
A: Common analytical techniques include gas chromatography (GC) with flame ionization detection for purity assessment, Karl Fischer titration for moisture determination, and atomic absorption spectroscopy for metal impurities. Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) can verify molecular structure, while nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) provides detailed structural confirmation.
Q: Can Hexane bromide be recycled or reclaimed?
A: Yes, unused Hexane bromide can typically be recovered through fractional distillation if not contaminated with reactive substances. Specialized chemical recycling facilities can process waste Hexane bromide through bromine recovery processes. Always consult with licensed waste management providers for proper disposal or recycling options in your region.
Q: What are the environmental considerations for Hexane bromide?
A: Hexane bromide is considered moderately persistent in the environment with potential bioaccumulation concerns. It should never be released into waterways or sewer systems. Proper containment measures should prevent soil contamination. While not classified as an ozone-depleting substance, its use should be minimized through closed-system processes where possible to reduce environmental impact.